سوال ۲۴ کنکور ارشد مهندسی کامپیوتر ۱۴۰۱

Read the passage (Passage 2), then answer the question.

There are tools that claim better bad sector recovery. But they utilize a statistical approach, an algorithm where the tool reads the bad sector a number of times and then reconstructs the "original" sector by locating the bits that occur most often in the same sector. While these tools claim this approach could improve the outcome, there is no evidence to back up the validity of such claims. Furthermore, re-reading the same spot many times while that hard drive is failing is a reliable way to cause permanent damage to the media or heads.

24- Statistical approach, as stated in the passage, ----------.

(Note: option 4 falls below the visible crop / page render. Per the official key it is the correct choice — the option expressing that the approach is unverified/unproven and may even harm the drive, i.e. it is not a reliable recovery method.)