سوال ۱۴ کنکور ارشد مهندسی برق ۱۴۰۵

PASSAGE 1:

The generating capacity of an electrical power plant, which is measured in watts, indicates its ability to produce electrical power. A 1,000-kW generator running at full capacity for one hour supplies 1,000 kWh of power. That generator operating continuously for an entire year will produce nearly 8.8 million kWh of electricity. However, no generator can operate at 100% capacity during an entire year because of legal restrictions and downtime for its routine maintenance and outages. On average, about one-fourth of the generating capacity of an electrical plant is not available at any given time.

Electricity demands vary daily and seasonally, so the continuous operation of electrical generators is usually not necessary. Utilities depend on steam, nuclear energy, and large hydroelectric plants to meet routine demand. Auxiliary gas, turbine, internal combustion, and smaller hydroelectric plants are used during short periods of high demand.

14- All of the following words are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT «..........» .