سوال ۱۶ کنکور ارشد علوم کامپیوتر ۱۴۰۰

PASSAGE C: ADDRESSING (excerpt)

Physical addressing of a message may be to a node dedicated entirely to a specific application or it may be to a node with several applications resident. In the first case, the physical node address is sufficient; in the second case, the physical node address plus the program identification is necessary. We would expect dedicated unprogrammed nodes to exist largely in RJE situations and in laboratory/industrial data acquisition/feedback control situations. Alternatively we would expect physically addressed multiprogrammed nodes to be somewhat more general-purpose and larger, and to contain some kind of an operating system that receives the message and routes it to the proper program within its control.

According to the passage, physical addressing of a message ----------.

1. cannot be made without program identification
2. always requires the physical node address
3. can only be made to a node with a single application
4. can only be made to a node containing several programs