سوال ۲۴ کنکور ارشد علوم کامپیوتر ۱۳۹۸

Read the following excerpt from PASSAGE 2 and answer the question.

As a final application, one might want to use a remote computer system for some computational task. This could happen as a means of load sharing if the local computer is overutilized. It could also arise if there is no local computer, if the local computer is inoperational, or if the remote computer is better suited to the given task. Important special cases of the latter are very large problems that require supercomputers. These problems frequently require massive amounts of communication, particularly when the output is in high resolution graphic form. Present-day networks, with their limited link speeds, are often inadequate for these tasks. There are also "real-time" computational tasks in which the computer system must respond to inputs within some maximum delay. If such a task is too large for the local computer, it might be handled by a remote supercomputer or by a number of remote computers working together. Present-day networks are also often inadequate for the communication needs of these tasks.

Remote computer systems ----------.