سوال ۴۳ کنکور ارشد مدیریت کسب‌وکار (MBA) ۱۴۰۴

Passage 2 summary: In 1819, Raffles acquired Singapore as a strategically located commercial stop, and its early trading success came from merchants who profited from unequal access to information rather than locally grown spices or silk. By independence in 1965, the island had extensive international trading experience, but commercial expertise remained concentrated among a small group whose activities could not generate enough employment for the expanding population. The government pursued industrialization when multinational companies were seeking overseas markets and production sites, welcoming them despite suspicion in many other newly independent countries. The companies gained inexpensive land and labour while Singapore converted underused land and unemployment into industrial opportunity, producing strong economic progress over the following 20–25 years.

The passage provides sufficient information to answer which of the following questions?

I. Until which decade did Stamford Raffles oversee trade operations in Singapore?

II. What is the name of a multinational corporation with a stake in Singapore in the 20th century?

III. What factor contributed to Singapore’s transformation into the Emporium of the East in the 19th century?