سوال ۸۴ کنکور ارشد مدیریت کسب‌وکار (MBA) ۱۴۰۴

Passage 1 — summary: MBA graduates can support increasingly strategic HR departments, advise organizations through consulting firms, and improve people management in other business functions. Routine HR administration may be outsourced, while organizational design and effectiveness roles are growing. Executives disagree about whether specialist HR preparation must precede recruitment or can follow it through rotational assignments and short courses; managers throughout organizations also need relevant competencies.

All of the following terms are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT .................... .