سوال ۲۲ کنکور ارشد مهندسی مکانیک ۱۴۰۰

PART C: Reading Comprehension

PASSAGE 2 (excerpt):

Any assemblage of building blocks - whether animate or inanimate, whether a rock or a human being - needs physical forces to hold itself together. Without the attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, any object we know will just crumble to a nondescript pile of matter. Similarly, without the mechanical interactions between its cells, any multicellular organism would lose its form, functions, and any of the attributes we usually recognize it for. There is no denying that physical forces and mechanics are of paramount importance in shaping biological entities. In many cases, the existence of forces acting directly on molecules or cells is required in order to trigger the correct biological response. This is in essence what mechanotransduction is: the ability to alter biological outcomes through mechanical forces.

Forces are necessary for both living and inert extant in order to ----------.