سوال ۱۳ کنکور ارشد مدیریت ۱۴۰۲

Passage summary: Sustainable human resource management (HRM) challenges dominant strategic HRM models by pursuing financial, social, environmental and workforce-regeneration goals together while responding to stakeholder demands and sustainability-reporting requirements. Stakeholder demands can conflict individually while remaining connected within a larger system. A paradox perspective helps identify these tensions and coping strategies, but its highly conceptual analysis has neglected organizational actors’ cognition and strategy-making. The study uses cognitive and practice theories to restore those actors to the analysis through three connected processes: activating individual cognitive frames, creating shared dominant frames and carrying out strategy-making activities.

Decisive wording: “the role of organizational actors, their cognition and strategy-making action”.

The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to .......... .