سوال ۱۸ کنکور ارشد مدیریت ۱۴۰۰

Passage summary: Paragraph 1 introduces risk management as a way to protect an organization and support its objectives and decisions. Paragraph 2 explains that harmful publicity can damage stakeholder perceptions and that rapid social-media communication makes reputation harder to control. Paragraph 3 describes operational losses from failed processes, people or systems and external events, recommending continuity plans and software such as Risk Ware to identify essential activities. Paragraph 4 distinguishes strategic risks: serious external developments that may redirect the business and affect its future, whose possible effects should be examined in advance.

Passage wording: “daily functions, processes and systems that are critical to their business operating normally”.

The word “that” in paragraph 3 refers to .......... .