سوال ۲۲ کنکور ارشد مهندسی کامپیوتر ۱۴۰۴

Passage 3 (paragraph 2): "The optimism about building computers in the long-term goal that is implicit in this work is tempered by the work of Landauer. As a critic, Landauer correctly points out the enormous obstacles in the path of construction of efficient quantum computers. These include effects of environmental noise with respect to which quantum computers are exquisitely sensitive, errors in constructing the Hamiltonian, and errors in constructing the initial state. As Landauer notes, these errors can cause unwanted reflections of the computational process that reduce the amplitude of the transmitted component that represents the completed computation. Work in which potential barriers causing reflection are introduced intentionally where the potential distribution is 'deterministically disordered', suggests that in some cases, these problems may be less severe than otherwise thought."

According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about Landauer?