سوال ۲۴ کنکور ارشد مهندسی کامپیوتر ۱۴۰۴ — PASSAGE 3 (excerpt): Quantum computation is a field of much interest

Question

PASSAGE 3 (excerpt): Quantum computation is a field of much interest and activity. Much of the interest was stimulated by Shor's discovery that there is a quantum computation algorithm for the integer factoring problem that is more efficient than any known classical algorithm. [...] Building quantum computers is incredibly difficult. Many candidate qubit systems exist on the scale of single atoms, and the physicists, engineers, and materials scientists who are trying to execute quantum operations on these systems constantly deal with two competing requirements. First, qubits need to be protected from the environment because it can destroy the delicate quantum states needed for computation. The longer a qubit survives in its desired state the longer its "coherence time." From this perspective, isolation is prized. Second, however, for algorithm execution qubits need to be entangled, shuffled around physical architectures, and controllable on demand. The better these operations can be carried out the higher their "fidelity." Question: According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

In quantum computers, qubits must be rearranged across physical architectures, and controllable as needed for algorithms to work.

Answer

Quantum computers are particularly versatile because qubits are highly robust and efficient in diverse environmental conditions.

Answer

Shor's ideas about different computational methods were highly influential in the development of early traditional computers.

Answer

Landauer was a computer manufacturer who identified many problems in the field, and his ideas paved the way for transition from classical to quantum computation.