سوال ۴۱ کنکور ارشد مدیریت کسب‌وکار (MBA) ۱۴۰۵ — Passage 2 summary: Urban heat islands make cities warmer than

Question

Passage 2 summary: Urban heat islands make cities warmer than nearby landscapes, with average annual differences of 1–3°C and summer-day differences reaching 5–12°C, because built surfaces store and release heat and combustion adds more. Hotter conditions harm health and may worsen air quality, while vegetation provides cooling through shade and evapotranspiration. Large parks can have temperatures like rural surroundings and cool nearby neighbourhoods; cooling depends on park size, and a distributed network of smaller green spaces may be more effective than one large park. Vegetation also limits stormwater runoff, with reported rainfall interception up to 45% for eucalyptus in Melbourne versus 27% for an evergreen oak in California, and drainage measures include swales, infiltration trenches and rain gardens.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Air quality may decline as it gets hotter in urban areas but there are certain measures that could in fact be taken in order to mitigate the negative consequences.

Answer

Research data has recently demonstrated that green and blue areas play a negligible role in reducing the harmful outcomes of climate change in urban areas.

Answer

An evergreen oak tree in California diminished the yearly amount of precipitation reaching the ground surface more than the two species of eucalyptus in Melbourne.

Answer

Air temperature outside the city is different from that of large parks within cities because in the latter, it can be several degrees higher than its surrounding environment.