سوال ۱۳ کنکور ارشد ریاضی ۱۴۰۵

PASSAGE 1: "No doubt, our judgment of what is mathematics as well as what is valuable in mathematics is based on our notion of the nature and the purpose of mathematics itself. As mathematicians living in a world that is being increasingly mathematized, we want to know what meaning we can give to the mathematics symbols and concepts that are created by human beings. Is mathematics a hierarchically ordered set of fixed statements and static structures or a dynamic system which can be viewed as a process? ... The different views of it are believed because each one of them corresponds to a certain thing, a view from a certain angle, or an examination with a particular instrument of observation."

All of the following words are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT ................. .