سوال ۲۰ کنکور ارشد مدیریت ۱۴۰۲

Passage summary: Work engagement involves energy, commitment and deep involvement in work, and engaging leaders may promote it by supporting employees’ autonomy, competence and sense of being cared for. Unlike earlier studies conducted at one moment, Mazzetti and Schaufeli studied 1,048 employees in 90 Dutch workplace teams using two surveys separated by a year. Their analysis linked engaging leadership to later employee engagement through stronger optimism, self-efficacy and flexibility. It also linked leadership to team effectiveness through performance feedback, trust in management and communication, with these team resources additionally supporting individual engagement.

According to the passage, team resources consist of -----------.