سوال ۲ کنکور ارشد فیزیک ۱۴۰۴
PART A: Vocabulary — Choose the word or phrase (1), (2), (3), or (4) that best completes the sentence.
The weakened ozone «..........», which is vital to protecting life on Earth, is on track to be restored to full strength within decades.
پاسخ صحیح: گزینهٔ A — layer
What the blank needs. The blank completes the noun phrase the weakened ozone .........., the subject of the sentence. The relative clause which is vital to protecting life on Earth and the promise that it will be restored to full strength point to the well-known atmospheric shield that blocks ultraviolet radiation — a fixed collocation in English.
The options.
| Option | Meaning | Fits? |
|---|---|---|
| layer | a sheet or stratum of material lying over/under another | Yes — the ozone layer is the standard, fixed term for the stratospheric band of that absorbs UV light |
| level | a measured height, amount, or concentration | No — one can speak of ozone levels rising or falling, but a level is a quantity, not something described as vital to protecting life and restored to full strength as a single physical shield |
| brim | the rim/edge of a cup or hat | No — completely unrelated to the atmosphere |
| ingredient | a component of a mixture or recipe | No — ozone is not an ingredient of anything here; the sentence needs the protective stratum itself |
Decision. Ozone layer is the established scientific collocation, and only a layer can sensibly be weakened and then restored to full strength while being vital to protecting life on Earth. Answer: option 1, layer.
Exam trick: Part A often tests fixed collocations rather than raw word meaning. When a scientific or everyday set phrase (ozone layer, greenhouse effect, food chain) is half-shown, supply the missing half first and only then check the distractors.