سوال ۱۳ کنکور ارشد مهندسی کامپیوتر ۱۴۰۰

PART B: Cloze Test — read the passage and choose the option that best fills the numbered blank.

"For 20 years, children have been treated (11) —— all sorts of programs on television which are supposed to help them become better at skills such as reading and math. These programs have presented (12) —— such as counting and recognition of letters as nothing but fun. (13) —— by such things as rainbows and jumping frogs, (14) —— no improvement in children's abilities in literacy and numeracy (15) ——. These fun ways of teaching such skills don't seem to work."

Blank (13): the skills are supposed (13) —— by such things as rainbows and jumping frogs.